Improving Natural Ventilation for Existing and New Flats in Light of Research Findings on HDB Flats' Warmer Indoor Temperatures

Ms Joan Pereira asked the Minister for National Development with reference to the recent Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) research findings on HDB flats' warmer temperatures indoors (a) what measures can be implemented by the Government to improve natural ventilation for both existing and new flats; and (b) how will the Ministry assist the elderly and low-income families to access cooling options and air-conditioning.

Mr Chee Hong Tat: The Housing and Development Board's (HDB's) developments incorporate design principles that seek to harness elements of nature as much as possible to reduce heat gain into the buildings and improve natural ventilation. For example, blocks are orientated in the north-south direction, where possible, to minimise direct sun exposure and reduce heat gain, while maximising prevailing wind flow through the units. Under the Green Towns Programme, HDB has introduced more greenery on multi-storey carpark rooftops and expanded the Cool Coatings initiative, which applies heat-reflective coatings on building facades. These help to reduce ambient temperatures and enhance residents' thermal comfort.

Beyond physical design, HDB has also developed a heat advisory to provide residents with practical tips on keeping their homes cool. These include de-cluttering to maximise cross-ventilation, appropriate placement of fans and opening windows and doors to facilitate better air flow.

To support elderly and lower-income families, HDB is partnering with non-governmental organisations to trial the distribution of the heat advisory through door-to-door engagements to educate residents on ways to reduce heat indoors. HDB is also conducting a research study to test the effectiveness of market-available cooling appliances in improving thermal comfort within public rental units. Lower-income households eligible for financial assistance may approach their social service office for help.